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Results of the Phoenix Mission to Mars and Analog sites on Earth Google Tech Talks October 6, 2008 ABSTRACT Phoenix landed at 68N in the ice-rich ground on Mars and investigated the chemistry and geology of a polar site on Mars for the first time. The site is particularly interesting for astrobiology because 5 Myr ago the tilt of Mars' axis was 45 and the amount of sunlight reaching the Phoenix site at summer solstice is 2x the present value - Earth like levels. Understanding the microbial activity in high elevation dry permafrost in Antarctica provides a basis for considering habitability conditions on Mars during these periods of higher obliquity. Speaker: Chris McKay, NASA Ames Research Center Dr. Christopher P. McKay, Planetary Scientist with the Space Science Division of NASA Ames. Chris received his Ph.D. in AstroGeophysics from the University of Colorado in 1982 and has been a research scientist with the NASA Ames Research Center since that time. His current research focuses on the evolution of the solar system and the origin of life. He is also actively involved in planning for future Mars missions including human settlements. Chris has been involved with polar research since 1980, traveling to the Antarctic dry valleys and more recently to the Siberian and Canadian Arctic to conduct research in these Mars-like environments. Dr. McKay is a recepient of the prestigious Kuiper Award from the Division of Planetary Sciences of the American Astronomical Society for his contributions. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Be Your Own Therapist Google Tech Talks October 3, 2008 ABSTRACT We spend our lives being seduced by the outside world, believing without question that happiness and suffering come from "out there." In reality, Buddhist teachings explain that they come from the way we perceive and interpret things, not the things themselves. This deeply held misconception is at the root of our dissatisfaction, self-doubt, anger, depression, anxiety, and the rest. But our minds can change. By becoming deeply familiar with the workings of our own cognitive processes through introspection and learning to deconstruct them - truly, being our own therapists - we can loosen the grip of these neuroses and grow our marvelous potential for contentment, clarity, and courage, which are at the core of our being. Speaker: Venerable Robina Courtin A Tibetan Buddhist nun for 30 years, beloved teacher and power-house personality, Ven. Robina Courtin is Executive Director of Liberation Prison Project, based in San Francisco. (LiberationPrisonProject.org) A lifeline for people with nothing and no one, since 1996 Liberation Prison Project has supported the spiritual practice of over 15,000 prisoners, mainly in the US and Australia. These days, the project spends $50,000 every month, nearly half of it on salaries and benefits for a fulltime staff of ten (eight in the US and two in Australia, including three former prisoners), supported by a team of 150+ volunteers worldwide. Ven. Robina travels the world, teaching and raising funds, touching countless hearts and minds with her down-to-earth, no-nonsense packaging of the Buddha's teachings, often filled with tasty stories from her own real-life struggles, attachments and relationships. She is able to put across to her students in and out of prison that change is possible; everyone can learn to develop their qualities, to be joyful in the face of difficulties - even on death row. "Ven. Robina has taught me to look at everything that occurs in my life with a different view," writes one Australian prisoner. "She has given me dignity, courage, and honor." Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Aurally and Visually Enhanced Audio Search Google Tech Talks October 1, 2008 ABSTRACT To create enhanced user interfaces for retrieval and processing of audio and other media, we developed a range of techniques that leverage the human brain's enormous capabilities in visual and auditory perception and draw on computer graphics as well as automated acoustic content analysis and new applications of human-computer interface devices. Our aim is to put more fun into these tasks--for both casual and professional users--and to provoke serendipity. We demonstrate--among other examples--how to quickly search through large collections of sound effects by listening to several ones simultaneously, with the user being immersed in a spatial field of sounds. We show how to find music files with the help of procedurally generated icons that replace the standard file icons--a fleet-footed application of visual data mining for non-experts. Today, not only collections of media files can become overwhelming, but also collections of effect software can. To address this issue, we show how to represent a collection of audio plug-in effects as virtual folders through a FUSE system. Speaker: Sebastian Heise Sebastian Heise is a M.Sc. student in the Digital Media program of Hochschule Bremen (University of Applied Sciences), Germany. Sebastian has worked as a sound designer in game development teams at Gauselmann Group. Speaker: Michael Hlatky Michael Hlatky is a M.Sc. student in the Digital Media program of Hochschule Bremen (University of Applied Sciences), Germany. Michael has done research on sound quality for Bang a/s and AUDI AG. Speaker: Jorn Loviscach Jorn Loviscach is a professor in the Digital Media program of Hochschule Bremen (University of Applied Sciences), Germany. Jorn works on computer graphics, human-computer interaction, and audio and music computing. He is a regular contributor to conferences such as SIGGRAPH, Eurographics and the AES Convention. In addition, he has published numerous chapters in book series such as Game Programming Gems and ShaderX Programming. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Nullness Analysis for Java Google Tech Talks September 17, 2008 ABSTRACT Attempts to dereference null result in an exception or a segmentation fault. Hence it is important to know those program points where this might occur and prove the others (or the entire program) safe. Nullness analysis of computer programs checks or infers non-null annotations for variables and object fields. Most nullness analyses currently use run-time checks or are simply syntactical (as in Eclipse and Idea) or incorrect or only verify manual annotations. We use abstract interpretation to build and prove correct a static nullness analysis for Java bytecode which infers non-null annotations. It is based on Boolean formulas, implemented with binary decision diagrams. Our experiments show it faster and more precise than the correct nullness analysis by Hubert, Jensen and Pichardie. We deal with static fields and exceptions, which is not the case of most other analyses. The result is theoretically clean and the implementation strong and scalable. Speaker: Prof. Fausto Spoto Fausto Spoto is associate professor at the University of Verona, Italy. He took a PhD in computer science from the University of Pisa, where he started working at the static analysis of computer programs. His current interests are related to the analysis of Java and Java bytecode programs. He wrote a tool, Julia, which analyzes Java bytecode programs by using abstract interpretation and presents the results to the user, for verification as well as for code optimisation. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Sustainability and Resource Depletion: Survival Challenge for the 21st Century Google Tech Talks October 2, 2008 ABSTRACT Award-winning author Richard Heinberg (The Oil Depletion Protocol; Peak Everything) identifies the essential axioms of sustainability and ties them to current economic trends such as the high and volatile prices of oil and other commodities. Species survival will require more than "Sustainability Lite"a vague commitment to more environmentally benign practices, but instead an all-encompassing effort to live within the ultimate resource limits of the planet. Speaker: Richard Heinberg Richard Heinberg, the author of eight books, is a Senior Fellow of the Post Carbon Institute and is widely regarded as one of the worlds foremost Peak Oil educators. He writes a regular column for The Ecologist magazine and has authored scores of essays and articles that have appeared in such journals as The American Prospect, Public Policy Research, Quarterly Review, The Futurist, and European Business Review; and on web sites such as Alternet.org, EnergyBulletin.net, TheOilDrum.com GlobalPublicMedia.com, and ProjectCensored.com. He has appeared in many film documentaries, including Leonardo DiCaprios 11th Hour. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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HealthMap: Digital Disease Detection Google Tech Talks August 19, 2008 ABSTRACT HealthMap: Digital Disease Detection. Speaker: John Brownstein PhD Speaker: Clark Freifeld Speaker: Mikaela Keller PhD Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Personal Growth Series: Dr. William Dement on Healthy Sleep and Optimal Perfo... Google Tech Talks September 23, 2008 ABSTRACT Under ordinary circumstances, healthy sleep is by far the most powerful determination of high-level performance and productivity. Three major characteristics must be present to define healthy sleep. They are (1) a sufficient amount and continuity to avoid sleep indebtedness, (2) absence or near absence of pathological sleep-related events and (3) reasonable synchronizing of desired time in bed with circadian predisposition. The nature of each of these three characteristics will be elaborated as well as their relation to performance. Speaker: Dr. William Dement William C. Dement, M.D., Ph.D., is the world's leading authority on sleep, sleep disorders, and the dangers of sleep deprivation. He is Chief of the newly created Division of Sleep at Stanford University School of Medicine, which is also the home of the world's first sleep disorders center founded by Dr. Dement. Born and raised in the state of Washington, Dr. Dement remained in his home state for his undergraduate years at the University of Washington. He then pursued his graduate studies at the University of Chicago, receiving his M.D. in 1955 and Ph.D. in Neurophysiology in 1957. For more than half a century, Dr. Dement has conducted basic sleep research, investigated sleep disorders and treatments, and has launched a myriad of public education programs. From 1953 to 1957, he conducted the first studies leading to the characterization of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, the basic REM/NREM sleep cycle, and all night sleep patterns. In 1975, Dr. Dement founded the American Academy of Sleep Medicine serving as its President for twelve years. Dr. Dement was also a founder of the American Board of Sleep Medicine. From 1990-1993, he served as Chairman of the U.S. Congress's National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research. In 2001, he received the largest National Institute of Health research grant in sleep medicine history to establish the effectiveness and benefits of continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) treatment for large populations of patients with obstructive sleep apnea. As the author or co-author of over 500 scientific publications, Dr. Dement's research, findings, and advice can be found amongst several texts including his own, The Sleepwatchers, and most recently, The Promise of Sleep. He is also co-editor of the definitive textbook, Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, now in it's 4th edition. Dr. Dement's strong desire to educate students about sleep and the dangers of sleep deprivation led to the creation of his very popular course, "Sleep & Dreams," at Stanford University, which he has been presenting regularly for over 35 years. He will continue his efforts to educate the public and increase sleep awareness as long as he lives. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Columbia Alumni Event 2008: Protecting the World from Cybercrime Google Tech Talks August 28, 2008 ABSTRACT Since 2005, over 230 million customer records have been lost or stolen in security breaches, and data breaches are at an all-time high in large part due to increased reliance on electronically stored files. Should you be concerned about the security of your personal information on the Internet and with the issue of online fraud? Do you wonder what could be done to help secure the web and our cyber-infrastructure? Come hear compelling stories about some of the most significant cyber-attacks over the past few years and what can be done to protect the world against rampant cybercrime and mass identify theft. Speaker: Dr. Neil Daswani Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Googlewhacks for Fun and Profit Googlewhacks for Fun and Profit- Jonathan Lansey We study the number of Internet search results returned from multi-word queries based on the number of results returned when each word is searched for individually. We derive a model to describe search result values for multi-word queries using the total number of pages indexed by Google and by applying the Zipf power law to the word per page distribution on the internet and Heaps' law for unique word counts. Based on data from 351 word pairs each with exactly one hit when searched for together, and a Zipf law coefficient determined in other studies, we approximate the Heaps' law coefficient for the indexed world wide web (about 8 billion pages) to be beta=.52. Previous studies used under 20,000 pages. We demonstrate the validity of our method by using a different set of word pairs and with word triplets. We demonstrate through examples how the model can be used to analyze automatically the relatedness of word pairs assigning each a value we call "Strength of Associativity." . We then use our model to compare the index sizes of competing search giants Yahoo and Google. Tags: Jonathan Lansey Googlewhacks

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Working in Space Google Tech Talks February 26, 2008 ABSTRACT Astronaut and physicist Dr. Jim Newman will talk about his experiences of working in space. NASA's space program has come a long way. From astronauts strapped in their seats monitoring flight data in a guided capsule, to crews performing complex tasks in the hostile and non-intuitive environment encountered during space missions. Hazards abound and handicaps are encountered in even the simplest manipulations. Jim Newman has logged in space the equivalent of 35 roundtrips to the Moon and with 43 hours of EVA he has worked in space the equivalent of 17 Apollo 11 missions. Most notably Dr. Newman performed two Hubble space telescope walks replacing; an old solar array, the reaction the wheel assembly, the Faint Object Camera, a new power control unit and also installed a cooler to reactivate an old infrared camera. Join us to hear about the factors, designs, experiences and vision which makes this kind of a work place possible and how it may relate to the future human exploration and settlement of Mars. Speaker: Jim Newman Dr. Newman flew as a mission specialist on STS-51 (1993), STS-69 (1995), STS-88 (1998) and STS-109 (2002). A veteran of four space flights, Dr. Newman has logged over 43 days in space, including six spacewalks totaling 43 hours and 13 minutes. STS-51 Discovery, (September 12-22, 1993) was launched from and returned to make the first night landing at Kennedy Space Center, Florida. During the ten-day flight, the crew of five deployed the Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) and the Orbiting and Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer on the Shuttle Pallet Satellite (ORFEUS/SPAS). Newman was responsible for the operation of the SPAS, was the backup operator for the RMS, and on flight day five conducted a seven-hour, five-minute spacewalk with Carl Walz. The extravehicular activity (EVA) tested tools and techniques for use on future missions. In addition to working with numerous secondary payloads and medical test objectives, the crew successfully tested a Global Positioning System ( GPS) receiver to determine real-time Shuttle positions and velocities and completed a test routing Orbiter data to on-board laptop computers. STS-51 made 158 orbits of the Earth, traveling 4.1 million miles in 236 hours and 11 minutes. STS -69 Endeavour (September 7-18, 1995), was an eleven-day mission during which the crew successfully deployed and retrieved a SPARTAN satellite and the Wake Shield Facility (WSF). Also on board was the International Extreme Ultraviolet Hitchhiker payload, numerous secondary payloads, and medical experiments. Newman was responsible for the crews science involvement with the WSF and was also the primary RMS operator on the flight, performing the WSF and EVA RMS operations. He also operated the on-orbit tests of the Ku-band Communications Adaptor, the Relative GPS experiment, and the RMS Manipulator Positioning Display. The mission was accomplished in 171 Earth orbits, traveling 4.5 million miles in 260 hours, 29 minutes. STS -88 Endeavour (December 4-15, 1998), was the first International Space Station assembly mission. During the twelve-day mission the Unity module was mated with Zarya module. Newman performed three spacewalks with Jerry Ross, totaling 21 hours, 22 minutes. The primary objective of the spacewalks was to connect external power and data umbilicals between Zarya and Unity. Other objectives include setting up the Early Communication antennas, deploying antennas on Zarya that had failed to deploy as expected, installing a sunshade to protect an external computer, installing translation aids, and attaching tools/hardware for use in future EVAs. The crew also performed IMAX Cargo Bay Camera (ICBC) operations, and deployed two satellites, Mighty Sat 1, sponsored by the Air Force, and SAC-A, from Argentina. The mission was accomplished in 185 orbits of the Earth, traveling 4.6 million miles in 283 hours and 18 minutes. STS-109 Columbia (March 1-12, 2002). STS-109 was the fourth Hubble Space Telescope (HST) servicing mission and the 108th flight of the Space Shuttle. The crew of STS-109 su... Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Device-free Passive Localization for Wireless Environments Google Tech Talks September 17, 2008 ABSTRACT Typical location determination systems, for example Global Positioning System (GPS), require the presence of a physical device that is attached to the object that is being tracked. In addition, they usually require the tracked device to participate actively in the localization process by running part of the localization algorithm or by extracting the physical signals used in communication, such as signal strength or time. In this talk, we introduce the concept of Device-free Passive (DfP) localization for outdoor wireless networks. A DfP system is envisioned to be able to detect, track, and identify entities that do not carry any device, nor participate actively in the localization process. The system works by monitoring and processing changes in the received physical signals at one or more monitoring points to detect changes in the environment. Applications for DfP systems include intrusion detection and tracking, protecting outdoor assets, such as pipelines, railroad tracks, and perimeters, and enhancing the security of other detection systems. In this talk, we will describe the DfP system's architecture and the challenges that need to be addressed to materialize a DfP system. We show the feasibility of the system by describing algorithms for implementing different functionalities of a DfP system that works with nominal WiFi equipment. We present two techniques for intrusion detection and a technique for tracking a single intruder. Our results show that the system can achieve very high probability of detection and tracking with very few false positives. We also identify different research directions for addressing the challenges of realizing a DfP system. Speaker: Dr. Moustafa Youssef Moustafa Youssef is an Assistant Professor at Nile University, Egypt. He received his Ph.D. degree in omputer science from University of Maryland, USA in 2004 and a B.Sc. and M.Sc. in computer science from Alexandria University, Egypt in 1997 and 1999 respectively. His research interests include location determination technologies, pervasive computing, sensor networks, and protocol modeling and analysis. Dr. Youssef is the recipient of the 2003 University of Maryland Invention of the Year award for his Horus location determination technology. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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GiveWell: Real Change for your Dollar Google Tech Talks September 17, 2008 ABSTRACT GiveWell (www.givewell.net) performs in-depth research on charities to help people accomplish as much good as possible with their donations. Unlike existing evaluators, which focus solely on financials, we focus on how well programs actually work - i.e., their effects on the people they serve. We started as a group of donors looking to accomplish as much as possible with our own giving, and now we are looking to help others give as effectively as possible. In this talk, we will discuss how to choose a humanitarian charity. We will discuss what sorts of information are publicly available on the effectiveness of different charities. More information at http://www.givewell.net/about Top recommended organizations listed at http://www.givewell.net/research-summary Overview of research findings (with links to more detail): http://www.givewell.net/united-states-summary (US) and http://www.givewell.net/developing-world-summary (developing world) Summary of first-year progress: http://www.givewell.net/review-year-1 Blog: http://blog.givewell.net Speaker: Holden Karnofsky Holden Karnofsky graduated from Harvard in 2003 with a degree in Social Studies, and spent the next several years in the hedge fund industry. He founded GiveWell in August of 2006, as a part-time collaboration between 8 friends struggling with their personal donation decisions, and left his job in mid-2007 to work on the project full-time. Speaker: Elie Hassenfeld Elie Hassenfeld graduated from Columbia in 2004 with a degree in Religion, and spent the next several years in the hedge fund industry. He was one of the original 8 part-time volunteer members of GiveWell, and in August of 2007 he left his job to work on it full-time. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Micro Concentrated Solar Power from Sopogy - a green energy seminar Google Tech Talks September 18, 2008 ABSTRACT Sopogy is bringing smaller concentrated solar energy systems to the market: Process heat, air conditioning, and power generation. You will hear about the first renewable energy and solar technology to ever be awarded the New Product of the Year by the Society of Professional Engineers. A product will be set up for viewing. Speaker: Al Yuen Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Standards, IETF and Google Google Tech Talks September, 18 2008 ABSTRACT Standards, of many different kinds, are important to Google. The standards of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) are important to the Internet, and therefore important to Google. This talk will: - present the Google standards intergrouplet, which does coordination of standards activities at Google - give an introduction to the IETF and how the IETF works - talk about the Email Address Internationalization effort, which recently released its core specifications Speaker: Harald Alvestrand Harald is a Norwegian TLM who has been with Google for two years. He was chair of the IETF from 2001 to 2005, and has been continuously active on Internet standards since 1991. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Knees Deep with the Earth API Google Tech Talks September 12, 2008 ABSTRACT Have you tried the recently released Earth API yet? Have you been meaning to, but just haven't found the time to check it out? If so, then this talk is for you! We'll be running through a crash course on all the basics of the Earth Browser Plug-in and JavaScript API. We'll be showing off both new and older demos, as well as some of the newly available documentation and developer resources. Bring your Windows XP or Vista laptop if you want a truly interactive coding experience! Speaker: Roman Nurik Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Logs and Lifeguards: Using Chip Multiprocessors to Help Software Behave Corre... Google Tech Talks September 12, 2008 ABSTRACT While performance and power-efficiency are both important, correctness is perhaps even more important. In other words, if your software is misbehaving, it is little consolation that it is doing so quickly or power-efficiently. Google has already done a very impressive job of addressing one of the reasons why software may misbehave, which is that the underlying hardware may fail. In the Log-Based Architectures (LBA) project, however, we are focusing on perhaps an even more challenging source of misbehavior, which is that the application itself contains bugs, including obscure bugs that only cause problems during security attacks. Software bugs are difficult to recognize, and they are particularly problematic because they may cause every node in the system to fail (unlike hardware failures, which tend to be more isolated). To help detect and fix software bugs, we have been exploring techniques for accelerating dynamic program monitoring tools, which we call "lifeguards". Lifeguards are typically written today using dynamic binary instrumentation frameworks such as Valgrind or Pin . Due to the overheads of binary instrumentation, lifeguards that require instruction-grain information typically experience 30X-100X slowdowns, and hence it is only practical to use them during explicit debug cycles. Our goal is to reduce these overheads to the point where lifeguards can run continuously on deployed code. To accomplish this, we create a dynamic log of instruction-level events in the monitored application and stream this information to one or more lifeguards running on separate cores on the same chip multiprocessor (CMP). In our results so far, we have shown that the basic logging approach typically reduces the slowdown by roughly an order of magnitude from roughly 30X to roughly 3X. In a recent ISCA paper, we demonstrated several hardware-based techniques that can eliminate redundancy in the even-driven lifeguards and reduce the slowdown to just 20%. In our ongoing research, we are attempting to achieve similar performance through software-only techniques (by extending dynamic compiler optimization techniques to eliminate redundancy within the lifeguards), and we are extending our support to parallel and concurrent environments. We believe that our techniques are applicable to any event-driven lifeguards that processes streams of events, and are compatible with sampling-based techniques that can further reduce the power and performance impacts of monitoring. This talk will describe the work that we have done so far, as well as our plans for future research. Speaker: Todd Mowry Todd C. Mowry is a Professor in the Computer Science Department at Carnegie Mellon University. He received his Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1994. He currently co-leads the Log-Based Architectures project and the Claytronics project. Prof. Mowry recently served as the Director of the Intel Research Pittsburgh lab, and he is currently on sabbatical at Stanford. He is an associate editor of ACM Transactions on Computer Systems. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Nash Bargaining via Flexible Budget Markets Google Tech Talks September 12, 2008 ABSTRACT In his seminal 1950 paper, John Nash defined the bargaining problem; the ensuing theory of bargaining lies today at the heart of game theory. In this work, we initiate an algorithmic study of Nash bargaining problems. We consider a class of Nash bargaining problems whose solution can be stated as a convex program. For these problems, we show that there corresponds a market whose equilibrium allocations yield the solution to the convex program and hence the bargaining problem. For several of these markets, we give combinatorial, polynomial time algorithms, using the primal-dual paradigm. Over the years, a fascinating theory has started forming around a convex program given by Eisenberg and Gale in 1959. Besides market equilibria, this theory touches on such disparate topics as TCP congestion control and efficient solvability of nonlinear programs by combinatorial means. Our work shows that the Nash bargaining problem fits harmoniously in this collage of ideas. Speaker: Vijay V. Vazirani Vijay Vazirani got his Bachelor's degree in Computer Science from MIT in 1979 and his Ph.D. from the University of California at Berkeley in 1983. His research has spanned a broad range of themes within the design of efficient algorithms - combinatorial optimization, approximation algorithms, randomized algorithms, parallel algorithms, and most recently algorithmic issues in game theory and mathematical economics. He has also worked in complexity theory, cryptography and information theory. In 2001 he published what is widely regarded as the definitive book on Approximation Algorithms. This book has been translated into Japanese, Polish and French. Last year, he co-edited a comprehensive volume on Algorithmic Game Theory. He is a Fellow of the ACM. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Faculty Summit 2008 Day 2: Health Computer Interaction Research Google Tech Talks July 25, 2008 ABSTRACT Faculty Summit 2008 - Day 2 Health Computer Interaction Research - Robin Jeffriesr This talk will survey a number of projects at Google that help us better understand current and potential users of our products. The projects range from search behavior (the core of our work) to the use of mobile phones for information services in Uganda. Speaker: Robin Jeffries Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Faculty Summit 2008 Day 1: Computing at Scale Google Tech Talks July 24, 2008 ABSTRACT Faculty Summit 2008 - Day 1 Computing at Scale: Challenges & Opportunities - Urs Hoelzle, Rob Pike, Ed Lazowska, & Jeannette Wing The frontiers of computer science are being increasingly impacted by computing at very large scale: that is on very large scale computing systems (perhaps in the cloud) with possibly significant dependence on large scale data sets and/or on systems with shared use by vast populations. This panel will explore the potential opportunities and challenges in computer science research in this space. Speakers: Urs Hoelzle, Rob Pike, Ed Lazowska, & Jeannette Wing Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Faculty Summit 2008 Day 1: OpenSocial API Google Tech Talks July 24, 2008 ABSTRACT Faculty Summit 2008 -Day 1 OpenSocial API - David Glazer The web is becoming more open and more social. Come see an introduction to emerging standards in this area including Open Social. Watch a social application being built from scratch and discuss implications for future research and development. Speaker: David Glazer Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Faculty Summit 2008 Day 1: Google Data Google Tech Talks July 24, 2008 ABSTRACT Faculty Summit 2008 - Day 1 Google Data - Mark Stahl & Jeff Fisher This presentation will give an overview of the Atom Publishing Protocol, a simple but powerful way of publishing and interacting with data stored on the web. The Atom Publishing Protocol is used as the basis of the Google Data APIs, which provide programmatic access to several Google applications. We will demonstrate a simple example that uses a web application to crowdsource the semantic labeling of image content. Data is both retrieved and published via Data APIs. We will also show how to publish the results of this example as an AtomPub API, and discuss ways you can use AtomPub as the mechanism for sharing your own data. Speaker: Mark Stahl Speaker: Jeff Fisher Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Faculty Summit 2008 Day 2: Google Health Google Tech Talks July 25, 2008 ABSTRACT Faculty Summit 2008 - Day 2 Google Health - Jerry Lin Google Health launched May 19, and has encountered a number of challenges in terms of both user interaction and data interoperability. After a brief overview, challenges on both fronts will be discussed. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Faculty Summit 2008 Day 1: Geo API Google Tech Talks July 24, 2008 ABSTRACT Faculty Summit 2008 - Day 1 Geo API - Keith Golden One of the keys to the success of Google Maps is a rich API that can be used by outside developers and researchers to create interactive applications and mashups. There are over 150,000 active Maps API websites representing a broad range of applications from Earth science to social networking. The Maps API continues to grow as new features are added to Maps; recent additions to the API include support for Street View panoramas, rendering 3D models through the Earth plugin, My Maps editing, geocoding, local search, driving directions and traffic. This interactive session will discuss Google Maps as a development platform and show how powerful web applications or research prototypes can easily be built on top of Maps. Audience participation is highly encouraged. Speaker: Keith Golden Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Faculty Summit 2008 Day 1: Power and Green Computing Google Tech Talks July 24, 2008 ABSTRACT Faculty Summit 2008 - Day 1 Power and Green Computing - Bill Weihl Google continues to grow, and the infrastructure that underpins that growth depends on electricity. We will discuss a number of the challenges and opportunities in making our infrastructure greener. How can we make our servers and data centers more energy efficient? How can we reduce the environmental impact of the energy that we do consume? Speaker: Bill Weihl Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Crossover random fields: A practical framework for learning and inference wit... Google Tech Talks September 9, 2008 ABSTRACT Graphical Models, such as Markov random fields, are a powerful methodology for modeling probability distributions over large numbers of variables. These models, in principle, offer a natural approach to learning and inference of many computer vision problems, such as stereo, denoising, segmentation, and image labeling. However, graphical models face severe computational problems when dealing with images, due to the fact that the uncertainty structure is a "grid", and not a one-dimensional tree or chain. In this talk, I will discuss a practical and efficient framework for joint learning and inference in situations where a normal graphical model would be intractable. This framework is based on two basic ideas: 1) Iteratively using a series of tractable models. 2) New loss functions measuring only univariate accuracy. That is, the problem is attacked through a sequence of models, each of which is tractable. The motivating example is an image-- the first model is defined over scanlines, while the next model is defined over columns, "crossing over" the first model. The results of each model can be computed efficiently by dynamic programming, and are used by the next layer. During learning, the parameters of the entire "stack" of models are simultaneously fit to give maximally accurate univariate marginal distributions. This talk will include experimental results on several problems, including automatic labeling of outdoor scenes. Speaker: Justin Domke Justin Domke is pursing a Ph.D. at the University of Maryland. Before coming to Maryland he received B.S. degrees in Physics and Computer Science from Washington University is St. Louis. His research interest is efficient learning and inference with graphical models and applications to computer vision and image processing problems. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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BayPIGgies Meeting - SF Bay Area Python Interest Group - Python Callbacks Google Tech Talks June 13, 2008 ABSTRACT Don't call us, we'll call you: callback patterns and idioms in Python Callbacks (the general "Don't call us, we'll call you" pattern) are a crucial technique for concurrency, event-driven programming (in a disparate variety of fields, from GUIs to parsing), and advanced customization of library and system behavior. This talk covers callback patterns and idioms, their use in the Standard Python library, and best practices in designing and using callback-based interfaces. Speaker: Alex Martelli Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Slightly Advanced Python: Some Python Internals Google Tech Talks July 1, 2008 ABSTRACT "Python behind the scenes": some advanced aspects of Python. The talk addresses an audience of proficient Python programmers and deals with several advanced topics: object creation: metaclasses, new, and init - attribute lookup mechanics and descriptor objects - introspection on objects, garbage collection, stack frames, tracebacks - Python bytecode inspection and alteration. Speaker: Alex Martelli Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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The Python Object Model Google Tech Talks October 26, 2005 ABSTRACT Alex Martelli on the Python Object Model. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Looking at People Google Tech Talks September 8, 2008 ABSTRACT There is a great need for programs that can describe what people are doing from video. This is difficult to do, because it is hard to identify and track people in video sequences, because we have no canonical vocabulary for describing what people are doing, and because phenomena such as aspect and individual variation greatly affect the appearance of what people are doing. Recent work in kinematic tracking has produced methods that can report the kinematic configuration of the body fairly accurately and fully automatically. The problem of vocabulary is more difficult. I will discuss a generative activity model that allows activities to be assembled from a set of distinct spatial and temporal components. The models themselves are learned from labelled motion capture data and are assembled in a way that makes it possible to learn very complex finite automata without estimating large numbers of parameters. The advantage of such a model is that one can search videos for examples of activities specified with a simple query language, without possessing any example of the activity sought. In this case, aspect is dealt with by explicit 3D reasoning. An alternative strategy for dealing with aspect and individual variation is to build discriminative methods applied to appearance features. The difficulty here is that activities look different when seen from different directions. I will describe recent methods that make it possible to transfer models --- that is, to learn a model of an activity from one view, then recognize it in a completely different view. Speaker: David Forsyth David Forsyth holds a BSc and an MSc in Electrical Engineering from the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, and an MA and D.Phil from Oxford University. He is currently a full professor at U. Illinois Urbana-Champaign, having served 10 years on the faculty at UC Berkeley. He has published over 100 papers on computer vision, computer graphics and machine learning. He served as program co-chair for IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition in 2000, general co-chair for CVPR 2006, program co-chair for ECCV 2008, and is a regular member of the program committee of all major international conferences on computer vision. He has received best paper awards at the International Conference on Computer Vision and at the European Conference on Computer Vision, and an IEEE Technical Achievement award. His recent textbook, "Computer Vision: A Modern Approach" (joint with J. Ponce and published by Prentice Hall) is now widely adopted as a course text. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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Infinite Possibilities: Archimedes on the Web Google Tech Talks September 8, 2008 ABSTRACT Following up on the March 7, 2006, Google TechTalk on the Archimedes Palimpsest, this presentation will discuss the challenges faced in hosting the digital multispectral images, metadata and encoded transcriptions on the Web. After a decade of scientific study of this historic and valuable manuscript, on October 29, 2008, all the Archimedes Palimpsest images and transcription data will be released to the public. The release candidate will be available at http://www.archimedespalimpsest.net in time for this TechTalk. The Program Manager and the Data Manager of the Archimedes Palimpsest Team will discuss advances in the imaging program since 2006, the collection and management of the data, the Greek transcriptions, and the encoding of the transcriptions in a standardized format. They will also discuss the free availability of the data under a Creative Commons license for the development of GUI's and applications linking the spatially aligned images and transcriptions. Speaker: Michael B. Toth, R.B. Toth Associates Mike has been the Program Manager and Systems Integrator for the Archimedes Palimpsest Program since 1999. He provides management, systems integration and strategic planning for the study, preservation and display of cultural objects for museums and libraries. Speaker: Doug Emery, Emery IT Doug manages image metadata collection, data storage and distribution for the Archimedes Palimpsest Project. His educational background is in ancient cultures and languages, but for the past several years he has worked as a programmer and database administrator in academics and private industry. Doug brings professional expertise in data management, as well as an understanding of the issues involved in working with ancient manuscripts as a freelance computer consultant. Tags: google techtalks techtalk engedu talk talks googletechtalks education

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